1.            INTRODUCTION

The Department of Chemical Engineering was established by the Senate of the University, under the Chairmanship of Prof. Pita Ejiofor, the Vice-Chancellor of the University, in September 2001. The first and second academic year students were admitted for the undergraduate programme in the 2001/2002 academic years. The first year students of the Continuing Education Programmed (CEP) were also admitted in the same academic year.

PROGRAMME    PHILOSOPHY AND     OBJECTIVES

The programmes   offered are   designed   to ground the student   in the specific professional area. It   is also designed  to  allow   for  flexibility  to  enable  the  student   adopt   his individual  programme   to  his career  plans for  employment in academia  or for post graduate studies  and  research.

To  this  end,   the  main  objective  of  chemical  engineering programme  include :-

a)    Training  and development of  graduates  in  chemical  engineering  with  the necessary  and  required  skilled  to  meet the  demand for  trained  and  highly  skilled manpower  for  the chemical  and  allied  industry  as well  as  the academia  and the  Nigerian   socio-economic  sector in  general.

b)    Production  of graduates engineers with  basic  principals  and  skills  required  for  planning  design  operations  and  management maintenance  of the  respective  industrial  plants.

c)     Stimulation  and  motivation  of  the  student  for  the  attainment  of  excellence  through  the  highest  of  achievement  in  the  general  engineering  field  through  close affiliation  with  industry as a  training  ground  for exposure  to  contemporary   problems  and  hands-on  methods  of  solving  them.             

d)    Production  of  disciplined  and  self-reliant  engineering  graduates  who  would  contribute  to  the   overall   development   of  chemical  and  allied  industry  and  the  Nigerian  economy  in  general.           

VISION     

The  Department  of  Chemical Engineering  has  as it  vision  to  be  the  best   Engineering  Department  in  the Faculty  of  Engineering,  the  University  and  indeed  to  be  ranked  among  the best  Chemical Engineering  Departments  in the  nation and the  world at  large.

MISSION STATEMENT

The Department of Chemical Engineering is committed to:

1. The  provision  of  quality  training  to  students  through  teaching   and  research  to  enable  impartation  of  self  confidence  and   result  oriented  ability,  acceptance  of  obligations   and  responsibility,  and the  desire  for  life- long education  and  creativity.
2. The training of engineering manpower   who will positively  impact  government, industry  and  academia  through  the  provision  of   expertise  for  national  development.
3. The  production  of  engineering   graduates  with  a  wide  and  ordered  knowledge  in  the  discipline   area  and  high  ethical  stand  in  personal  and  professional  life.

PROGRAMME STRUCTURE 

The programme has been developed in line with National Universities Commission (NUC) minimum academic requirements. The department offers a five-year course leading to the award of the Honours degree of Bachelor of Engineering (B.Eng.) in Chemical Engineering. The Programme emphasizes the application of engineering principles while attempting to prepare the students for self-employment. As part of the degree requirement, each student besides completing a comprehensive design report is required to undertake independently, a research project directed by an academic staff. The programme of the Department of Chemical Engineering is structured as follows:   

1. Common  University  courses  of   the  first  and  second  years  which  include  the  basic  sciences  of  Mathematics,  Physics,  Chemistry  and  Biology,  and  the  basic  Engineering   courses  of   Engineering Drawing  and  Workshop  practice,  and  the  general  studies  courses;  Use  of  English  and Humanities.   
2. Common Faculty of Engineering courses of the second and subsequent years.
3. Chemical  Engineering  courses  which  predominate  the third , fourth  and  fifth  years  of  study.
4. Auxiliary or  ancillary  courses  offered  by  the  other  departments  of  the  university,  which  are  intended  to  broaden  the  technological  base  and  scope  of  the  programme  also  feature   as  electives  at  the  500 level. These include: -

Polymer Science and Technology

• Pulp and paper Technology
• Glass and Ceramics Technology
• Environmental Pollution Engineering
• Coal Processing Technology
• Biochemical Reactor Design
• Petroleum Reservoir Engineering
• Petrochemical Science and Technology
• Chemical Engineering Entrepreneurship
• Particle Technology
• Paint Technology

1. Specialised  studies  in  chemical  engineering  in  the   fourth  years  of  study, which  are  emphasized  through  experimentals, tutorials  and  design  projects  including  the  programme   for  laboratory  practicals.
2. A mandatory  nine -month   industrial  attachment (SIWES)  programme  in  the third year and  first  semester  of   the  fourth  year,  in  appropriate  industrial  environments  for  the  enrichment  of  the  formal  engineering  education.

ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

A candidate seeking admission into the department of Chemical Engineering may be admitted either into the five-year programme or into the four-year programme. 

      i.        Five –year Programme

A candidate   seeking admission into the first year programme of the department must have five credits in the Senior School Certificate Examinations or equivalent in not more than two sittings. The subjects passed at credits level must include Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry. In addition, candidates who satisfy the requirements above may be admitted into the department after passing University Matriculation Examination (UME) or after passing pre-science examination.

1. Four-year Programme (Direct Entry)

 Candidates seeking direct entry admission into first year of the four-year programme must satisfy the condition stated in i) above and in addition obtain at least two subjects in one sitting in G.C.E A/L. The two subjects must be selected from Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry. Candidates with the Ordinary National Diploma (OND), Higher National Diploma (HND) and the National Certificate for Education, NCE (TECH), and other equivalent qualifications recognized by the University for the purpose of direct entry admission may also apply.

 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROGRAM

YEAR1

First Semester

 Second Semester

YEAR II

First Semester

*For Direct Entry Students Only. 

Second Semester

*For Direct Entry Student’s Only 

YEAR III

First Semester

Second semester

Year IV

First Semester 

PLUS Two Unit of Electives from below

ELECTIVES

Second Semester 

 INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT SIX MONTHS 

  YEAR V

First Semester

Plus 2 units of Electives from below

ELECTIVES

 Second Semester

Plus 4 unit of Elective from Below

ELECTIVES

 COURSE SYNOPSIS: B. Eng. PORGRAMME YEAR 1/5

FIRST SEMESTER:

GSS 101         Use Of English 1                                                       2 Credits

Effective communication and writing in English. Study skills. Language skills. Writing of essays. Instruction on Lexis, sentence construction, outlines and paragraph

GSS 102         Nigeria Peoples And Cultures                                2 Credits

Study of Nigerian History and Cultures in pre-colonial times. Nigerian’s perception of his world. Culture areas of Nigeria and their characteristics. Evolution of Nigeria as a political unit. Concepts of functional education. National economy, balance of trade, economic self-reliance, social justice, Individual and national development. Norms and values. Moral obligations of citizens. Environmental sanitation.

GSS 105         Humanities                                                       2 Credits

History  and Philosophy of Science

Man-his origin and nature. Man and his cosmic environment, scientific methodology. Science and Technology in the society and service of man. Renewable and non-renewable resources, man and his energy resources. Environmental effects of chemicals, plastics, textiles, wastes and other materials. Chemical and radio-chemical hazards. Introduction to the various areas of science and technology.

MAT 101         Mathematics 1                                                           3 Credits

Algebra and Trigonometry

Elementary set theory, subsets, union, intersection, complements, Venn diagrams; Real numbers, integers, rational and irrational numbers, mathematical induction, real sequences and series; theory of quadratic equations, binomial theorem. Complex numbers: algebra of complex numbers, the Argand diagram. De Moivre’s theorem of the roots of unity. Circular measure, trigonometric functions of angles of any magnitude, addition and factor formulae.

PHY 101         Physics 1                                                                   3 Credits

Space and time frames of reference. Units and dimension. Kinematics. Fundamental Laws of Mechanics, static and dynamics. Galilean invariance. Universal gravitation. Work and energy. Rotational dynamics and angular momentum. Conservation Laws.

ICH 101           Chemistry 1                                                   ­2 Credits

Atoms, molecules and chemical reaction. Chemical equations and stoichiometry. Atomic structure and periodicity. Modem electronic theory of atoms. Radioactivity. Chemical bonding. Property of gases. Equilbria and thermodynamics. Chemical. Electrochemistry.

PHY 107.        Physics Lab 1                                                            1 Credit

This course emphasizes quantitative measurements, the treatment of measurement errors and graphical analysis. A variety of experimental techniques will be employed. The experiments include studies of meters, the Oscilloscope, mechanical systems, electrical and mechanical resonant systems, light, heat, viscosity, etc., covered in Physics 101.

ICH 111           Chemistry Laboratory 1                               2 Credits

The experiment include topics covered in ICH 101

FEG 101         Engineering Mathematics1                          3 Credits

Topic of linear equations. Determinants, linear dependence, consistency and solution of simultaneous equations. Matrices; matrix addition, multiplication, inversion, Roots of algebraic equations: Remainder Theorem, basic iteration, Newton-Raphson, secant methods.

BUS 101         Introduction to Business 1                              3 Credits

A study of the scope of business Organizations. The character of business from social, et al and economic perspective. The activities of the manager in an organization. The course follows a functional approach, analyzing such management concepts as organizing, decentralization and forms of business ownership, organization, management, marketing, production, finance, accounting functions, Government and business. The social responsibility of business. International business problems of Nigeria business enterprises.

FEG 100A       Industrial Visits 1

Second Semester.

GSS 103.        Introduction to Philosophy and logic        2 Credits

A brief survey of main branches, ages and schools of philosophy. Symbolic logic. Special symbolic logic- conjunction, negation, affirmation, disjunction, equivalence and conditional statements, laws of thought. The method of deduction using rules of inference and bio-conditionals. Qualification theory.

GSS 102         Use of English 11                                                      2 Credits

Collection and organization of materials and logical presentation of papers. Use of the library. Phonetics. Art of public speaking and oral communication.

MAT 102         Mathematics 11                                                         3 Credits

(Vectors, Geometry and Dynamics)

Geometric representation of vectors in 1-3 dimension, components,

Direction cosines. Addition and subtraction of scalars. Multiplication  of vectors, linear independence. Scalar and vector products of two vectors.

Differentiation and integration of vectors with respect to scalar variable, dimensional co-ordinate geometry.

Straight line, circles, parabola, ellipse, hyperbola. Tangents, normal

Kinematics of a particle. Components of velocity and acceleration of a particle moving in a plane. Force, momentum, law of motion under gravity, projectiles, resisted vertical motion. Angular momentum. Simple harmonic motion, elastic string, simple pendulum, impulse. Impact of two smooth spheres and of a sphere on a smooth surface.

PHY 102         Physics 11                                                                 3 Credits

Electricity and Magnetism

Electrostatics, conductors and currents; dielectrics; magnetic fields and induction. Maxwell’s equations, electromagnetic oscillations and waves, applications.

Properties of matter

 Molecular treatment of properties of matter, Elasticity; Hook’s Law, Young’s shear and bulk module. Hydrostatics; stream lines, Bernoulli and continuity equations, turbulence Reynolds’s number; viscosity, Laminar flow, Poiseuille’s equation, surface tension. Adhesion, cohesion, capillary, drops and bubbles.  Temperature. The Zeroth law of thermodynamics. Heat. Gas Laws of thermodynamics. Kinetic theory of gases. Applications.

ICH 102           Chemistry 11                                                                         2 Credits

Historical survey of the development and importance of Organic Chemistry; nomenclature and classes of organic compounds; homologous series; functional groups; isolation and purification of organic compounds. Qualitative and quantitative organic chemistry; stereochemistry; determination of structure of organic compounds; electronic theory in Organic chemistry. Saturated hydrocarbons; unsaturated hydrocarbons. Periodic properties, Valence force; structure of solids; the chemistry of selected metals and non-metals and qualitative analysis.

PHY 108         Physics Laboratory 11                                             1 Credit

A continuation of the objectives and methods of Phy 199 to include subjects covered in PHY 102.

ICH 112           Chemistry Laboratory 11                                         2Credit

Topics in chemistry, ICH 120 to be treated.

FEG 103         Circuit theory                                                                        2Credits

Circuits – elements. DC and AC Circuits. Basic Circuit Laws and theorems.

Resonance, power, power factors. 3- phase circuits.

FEG 102         Engineering Mathematics 11                                               3 Credits

 Finite differences and interpolation

Calculus- functions, limits, continuity, differentiation, including trigonometric, inverse and implicit functions; maximal and minimal; applications; mean value Theorem, I’ Hospital’s rule for limits Series, simple convergence tests; Taylor series.

YEAR 2/5 ANND YEAR ¼ 

First Semester

MAT 201         Mathematics  111                                                      3 Credits

Complex Analysis – elements of complex algebra, Trigonometry, exponential and logarithmic functions. Real number, sequences and series. Elements of linear algebra. Numerical analysis – linear equations, non-linear equations, finite difference operators. Introduction to linear programming.

ICH 221           General Physical Chemistry                                                2 Credits

The Kinetic Theory of gases including the derivation of Boyle’s law, simple treatment of mean free path, collision number, viscosity, diffusion and the thermal conductivity. Equipartition of energy and the heat capacity of gases. Maxwell – Boltzman distribution of energies. (Form and significances of equation only, not its derivation). Real gases, van der Waal’s equation, virial equation. Principle of corresponding states. Condensation and critical phenomena. First law of thermodynamics and its application to chemical reactions; enthalpies of reaction and formation, heat capacities. The Kirchoff equations. The second Law; reversibility and entropy. Free energy functions and criteria of equilibrium. Clayperon’s equation. Standard free energy change. Equilibrium Constants Van’t Hoff equation. The third law (statement only) and its use in determining entropies. Use of conventional entopies in calculations of equilibrium constants. Elementary  treatment of the phrase rule; equilibrium between liquid-vapour, liquid-liquid, Liquid-solid and vapour-solid. Elementary treatment of solutions: electrolytes, conductivity of solutions, electromechanical basis of metallic corrosion, properties of acids and bases, ph scales, etc.

CSE 201         Computer Programming 1                                       3 Credits

Introduction – Types of computers and components, their uses- industrial and scientific. Computer Logic – Software and Hardware. Introduction to computer languages – Fortran, Basic, COBOL etc. 

FEG 201         Applied Electricity 1                                                             2 Credits

Idea energy – dissipating and energy storage parameters; combination of energy source and load, energy relation of general series circuit (Kirchoff mesh Law); ideal constant – Voltage and constant – current sources. Behaviour of ideal network parameters in relation to voltage and current description; mechanical and thermal analogues. Transient and study – stimuli; cyclic repetition, qualitative analysis of periodic wave forms as harmonic sum;  r.m.s value. 

Steady state D.C series and parallel network; ohm’s Law; D.C potentiometer principle, balanced and unbalanced wheat stohe bridge

Steady state single phase, sine a.c network, instantaneous, peak, average and r.m.s values, resistance, reactance, impedance, phase angle; resonance; active, reactive and apparent power factor; solution of simple network problems by phasor and complex number representation.

Network theorems; superposition; equivalent voltage and current sources; networks with mutual inductance coefficient of coupling; reflected impedance. Basic feedback principles, effects in closed- loop systems. Basic principles of balanced three phase systems. Electromagnetic forces. Electromagnetic induction; ideal transformer, ideal rotating machine, conditions for force or torque production.

Operating principles of simple instruments used for measuring voltage, current and power

FEG 211         Applied mechanics 1 (Statics)                                            2 Credits

Mechanical distinctions between solids and fluids. Compressibility, density, viscosity, Kinematics viscosity and the dependence of these properties on pressure and temperature, ideal solids and fluids. Particles and rigid bodies, mass force velocity and acceleration.

Plane Statics 

Isolation of a system. Equilibrium of a particle and a system of particles, necessary conditions for equilibrium of forces and moments including friction effects. Work and potential energy; virtual work. forces and deflections of plane frame works. Detemination of mass centre by symmetry, decomposition and Pappus’s theorem. Laws of friction and simple applications such as the screw thread, cables in contact with rough curved surfaces.

Stress and Strain

Components of stress at a point in two dimensions, equations of equilibrium. Mohr’s stress circle; components of strain at a point in two dimensions; compatibility of strains. The elastic constants; strain energy. Elementary elastic stress and deflection analysis of such systems as symmetrical beams in bending, thin cylinders and spherical shells under internal pressure and circular bar in torsion. Elastic columns. Euler’s theory of instability.

FEG 213         Engineering Drawing 1                                                        2 Credits

Essential of B.S. 308 1972. First angle and third angle projection conventions Visualization and free hand sketching of engineering structures:

(i)            From formal assembly drawing

(ii)           From component drawings;

(iii)          From verbal descriptions.

Methods of showing dimension and tolerances. Producing verbal descriptions and/ or instructions from drawings or sketches. Representation of processes; flow diagrams, logic diagram, networks and critical path planning.

FEG 250         Principles of materials Science                              2 Credits

Binding

Structure of atom, fundamental particle, isotopes. Electronic structure of elements, survey of periodic table. Ionic, covalent and metallic bonding, van der waal’s forces. Directional and non-directional bonds. Relationship between type of bond and basic physical and mechanical properties. Bonding between molecules; bonding in polymers, ceramics, glasses and metals; comparison of basic physical and mechanical properties of these solids.

Structure

Macro –and micro – structure; change of state: concept of equilibrium, nature of chemical and physical changes. Solidification: development of cast structures. Single phase and multiphase structures. Prediction of structure by use of phase diagrams. Variations in grain size and phase distribution and influence on properties. Influence of defects e.g. porosity, inclusions, segregation on properties. Method of studying macro – and micro –structure.

Properties

Physical properties of gaseous, liquid and solid states, survey of basic differences. Mechanical properties; elastic and plastic behaviour of solids. Stress/strain relationship, yield stress, tensile strength, ductility. Ductile and brittle fracture. Variation of properties with temperature. Fatigue and creep: basic definitions and concepts.

Electronic and electrical characteristics ionization, thermionic emission, photoelectric effect. Conductivity, behaviour of conductors, semi-conductors and insulators.

Thermal properties: characteristics of conductors, insulators, refractories.

Radioactivity, fission and fusion.

Chemical behaviour: oxidation, wet corrosion, and degradation of polymers.

FEG 221         Fliud Mechanics I                                                      2 Credits

Hydrostatics

Elements of fluid static’s; pressure, surface tension, viscosity, compressibility, etc. hydrostatic equation and its integration for incompressible fluids. Pressure distributions over plane and curved surfaces. Resultant force; line of action; center of pressure. Measurement of pressure.

Dynamics

Steady and unsteady flow of fluids; streamlines; stream tubes. One, two and three-dimensional flows, uniform and non-uniform flows. Laminar and turbulent flows. Nature of motion around bluff and streamlined bodies establiment of velocity profiles, boundary layer separation; formation of wakes.

Use of control volume for steady flow mass balance, momenturm balance and energy balance pressure and velocity in ideal fluids and in shear flow situation.

Dimensional Analysis

Buckingham’s pi-theorem, Dimensionless groups. Dynamical similarity. Flow modeling. Nature of effects of fluid friction in pipes and channels, relationship between friction factor and Reynolds’s number. Flow characteristics of pumps and turbines

FEG 281         Workshop practice 1                                                            2 Credits

Elementary introduction to types and organization of engineering workshop, covering, jobling, batch, mass production. Engineering materials: their uses and properties, safety in workshop and general principles of working. Bench work and fitting: Hand tools, materials, types of joints and fastenings: bolt, rivet, welding, brazing, soldering. Measurement and making: for uniformity circulatory, concentricity, etc.

CHE 261         Chemical Engineering Process Calculation 1       2 Credits

Induction to process calculations. Important chemical and physico- chemical data for process analysis. Chemical reactions and industrial stoichiometry, principles of conservation of matter and its application to industrial process - material balances. Algebraic techniques for solving material balance problems. Recycle, bypass and purge stream. Properties of fluids and solids and relevant material balances.   Principles of conservation of energy and its application to simple industrial process – energy balances. Enthalpy changes with and without phase change.

Second semester

MAT 202         Mathematics IV                                                                     3 Credits

Vectors – elements, differentiation and integration. Calculus – elementary differentiation. Relevant theorems. Differential equations – exact equations. Methods for second order equations. Partial differential equation. Simple cases applications,

CSE 202         Computer programming 11                                                 2 Credits

 Application of Fortran and Basic to simple problems, flow charts,

Data structures. Analysis of commercials and professional software:  - database, spreadsheet, and word-processing, CAD, CAL, CAM etc. Opening systems – IBM OS/2, Microsoft’s DOS and WINDOWS, UNIX etc. Practical Exercises with commercial and professional software.

FEG 202         Applied Electricity 11                                                   2 Credits

Electronics

Conduction process

Qualitative description for p-n junction or transistor. Relation of small- signal hybrid parameters to characteristic curves.

Diode

Application in rectifying demodulating, limiting, clamping. Simple power supply; qualitative description of smoothing networks, definition of ripple and regulation.

Transistor

Application in amplifier; bias; interstage coupling, d.c. And a.c load – lines, selection of operating point. Calculations on hybrid- parameter equivalent circuit for common- emitter configuration (here neglected); current and voltage gain, decibel notation, input and output impedance. Field effect transistor. Characteristics and application in typical amplifier circuits.

Integrated circuit amplifier

Specification and characteristics

Closed – loop systems

Principles; simple treatment of series – connected voltage feedback in amplifiers; negative feedback, gain stabilisation. Feedback in operational amplifiers for inverting and non-inverting connection –concept of constant gain – bandwidth product.

Transfer Functions

Simple RC and LC 2-ports, response to step input. Q-Value.  Inductor- capacitor circuit, relation of Q to 3 d 13 bandwidth, selectivity; effective Q of shunted inductor – capacitor circuit and of single tuned- amplifier stage.

Oscillator

Elements of positive – feedback networks, RC and L.C frequency – determining networks.

Communications

Elements of audio-, video – and frequency systems. Concept of amplitude, frequency, phase and pulse modulation. Simple demodulation circuits.  System limitations due to bandwidth and signal/noise ratio.

Logic systems

Combinational systems using OR, AND, NOR and NAND gades; use of Boolean algebra, truth tables and Karnaugh maps in the design and analysis of simple system, operation of circuits for basic diode and transistor gates. Simple sequential logic, e.g. Flip- flop applied to binary counting.

Instrumentation

Principles and applications of electronic voltmeters (analog and digital), counters, oscilloscopes, limitations (factors sure as input impedance, frequency response, distortion and noise). Significance of mean, R.M.S, and peak values of waveforms (sinusoidal and others) in measurement.

FEG 280         Engineer- in - Society                                               2 Credits

Technology in Society

Interrelation of social, economic and scientific factors in stimulating technological advance. Historical development of modern technological societies. Effects of new, growing and changing technologies. Engineering in the service of man, its Limitations, and misuse, long and short-term benefits, costs, hazards and its adaptability to social needs. Criteria for success beyond the purely economic. Professional coders: requirement for skill and care as a defense against mal-operation and negligence; duty owed to employer, colleagues, workforce, customer and general public; legal constraints and liabilities; responsibility to avoid pollution, waste of material and financial assets, danger to the environment. Licensing and registration; code of practice. Engineering education, training and re-training; professional experience. Role of professional engineering institutions.

Industry and Commerce

 Contribution of engineering products and services to the generation of wealth and employment. Exports and trade balance; levies, duty and trade agreements. Integration of design, research, development, production, marketing and sales. Competition in relation to price, quality, delivery and service; market research, private and state control; profit, taxation, legal constraint, raising of capital, basic principles of balance sheets, accounts and audits, interest, depreciation, liquidity; overhead, fixed and variable costs; shares and dividends, stock market. Health and safety; minimizing danger, dirt,- noise and strain; control of noxious products and effluents; legal obligations. Managerial and executive roles; authority, personality, accountability and responsibility; management of conflict and agreement. Basic principles of job description, work measurement, pay systems; production planning and control, value engineering; information and data processing systems, decision theory. Legal requirements relating to recruitment; employment and training; taxation, insurance, pensions; product liabilities and guarantees, sales of goods and services.

Communication

Principles: verbal, non-verbal, numerical and graphical communication; conventions of vocabulary, grammar, spelling and punctuation; adjustment of:”style” to readership.  Planning: selection and organization of information for a given aim and audience, arrangement for read access and assimilation, length, arrangement summarizing; layout and presentation appropriate to the required form (description, instruction, report) readability of text, illustrations and tables.

            Speaking: language and psychology in face-to-face communication; tactics for technical presentation, delivery (voice, demeanour) use of notes and visual aids; interviews, committee membership. Readings, effective reading strategies; use of communication media (press, broadcast, advertising, professional journals); factors in learning and recall.

 FEG 212         Applied Mechanics II                                                                   2 Credits

Dynamics

Newton’s laws of motion and their applications; impulse and momentum; kinetic energy. Kinematics of a point, coriolis and centripetal acceleration. Vector representation of velocity, acceleration and force. Addition, subtraction and differentiation of vectors. Plane kinematics of a rigid body; angular velocity and acceleration; displacement, velocity and acceleration; displacement, velocity and acceleration diagrams applied to simple mechanisms. Newton’s laws of motion and their application to particles and rigid bodies. Application to simple systems such as flywheels, spheres, cylinders and vehicles moving on horizontal or inclined planes, linked rods, pendulums, simple and compound. Impulsive motion due to collision. Torque diagram of a mechanism, energy and soees fluctuation, flywheels. Free vibrations of systems with one degree of freedom including damping. 

FEG 213   Engineering Drawing II                                                  2 Credits

Use of draughting instruments, lettering, dimensioning, layout. Engineering graphics  - geometrical figures, conics etc. Graphical calculus and applications. Development, intersection of curves and solids. Projections – lines, planes and simple solids. Orthographic and isometric projections. Simple examples. Threaded fastness. Practice with CAD software and drafting tables.

FEG 215         Strength of Materials I                                                         3 Credits

General equations of equilibrium in rectangular and cylindrical co-ordinates, states of stress; principal stresses in three dimensions; strains in terms of displacements for rectangular and cylindrical coordinates: compatibility conditions; principal strains; generalized elastic stress – strain relationship:

Airy stress functions; introduction to linear visco elasticity; stress-strain-time-temperature interdependence; Voigt and Maxwell model concepts. Bending; elastic stresses and deflections for composite section and asymmetrical section and loading; shear center. Torsion of rectangular and simple open sections. Combined loadings; bending, torsion and axial. Compression stability of slender elastic columns; Euler theory; Limiting stress conditions. Axial symmetrical components; rings, cylinders, discs under various loading and boundary conditions. Elastic bending of laterally loaded axi-symmetric plates. Criteria of yielding under complex stress; Maxwell – von Mises (shear strain energy) and Tresca (maximum shear stress). Concept of stress concentration due to discontinuity and its effect. Introduction to the basic concepts of fracture mechanics. Introduction to the use of isochronous creep data in the design of simple structures, in time temperature dependent materials eg. Plastics. General knowledge of main experimental stress analysis techniques; strain gauges, resettle analysis, photo elasticity.

FEG 242   Thermodynamics                                                                        2 Credits

Basic Concepts. What is thermodynamics? Basic definitions. Historical background of thermodynamics: definitions, units. Macroscopic and microscopic domain; thermodynamic systems, boundaries, control volume, properties and states, processes, heat and work, pressure, temperature and zeroth law. Intensive and extensive properties, measurement of temperature, volumes and pressures.

The first law of thermodynamics, application to open and closed systems, internal energy, work and heat transfer. Storing work as non – PV work. Sign convention of energy, flow processes and enthalpy, flow and non-flow work.

Thermodynamic properties of pure substances; working fluids, liquids and gases, liquid – vapor phase, equilibrium diagram, saturated and superheated states in water and in working fluids of refrigerators. P-V-T relations and diagrams, the ideal gas. Steam quality measurement, barrel calorimeters, separation, throttling and combined calorimeters, Use of property tables. Processes in the vapor phase, constant volume, constant pressure, Isothermal, hyperbolic and polytropic processes. The Ideal gas and PVT relation. Specific heats, the gas constant, universal gas constant.

The second law of thermodynamics and its corollaries. Reversibility and irreversibility, efficiency and temperature scale. Carnot cycle in idealized heat engines and refrigerators. Heat pumps, absolute temperature scale. Entropy: Clausius inequality;  T-S diagram, change in isolated systems. Consequences of the second law.

FEG 282   Workshop Practice II                                                                2 Credits

Standard measuring tools used in workshops.

Welding brazing and soldering. Principles. Classification, power sources.

General principles of working of standard metal cutting machine tools.

Computer Assisted Manufacturing (CAM) and NC machine processes.

YEAR 3/5 AND 2/4

 First semester

FEG 303         Engineering Mathematics III                                                2 Credits

Linear Algebra – Elements of Matrices. Determinants, inverse of a matrix. Theory of Linear Equations. Eigen values and eigen vectors. Analytic geometry – co-ordinate transformation – solid geometry, polar, cylindrical and spherical co-ordinates. Elements of functions of several variables. Change of variable.

Taylor series, applications, Runge Kutta processes. Simple finite difference techniques for initial value and boundary value problems in ordinary and partial differential equations and systems. Phase plane and iso-clinical curves. Explicate and implicit procedures, simple ideas on errors and stability. Introduction to the method of characteristics.

CHE 321  Transport Phenomena I                                                  3 Credits

Inviscid Flow

Conservation equations: continuity, Euler and Bernoulli equations. Kinematics of fluid motion: velocity, acceleration, stream lines, stream tubes, particle paths, streak lines, definition of irrotational and rotational flow, circulation, vorticity. Dynamics: constancy of total pressures or head in irrotational flow in a free vortex, variation in a forced vortex. Stream function and velocity potential function for flow in a uniform stream and due to source, sink, doublet and point vortex and for simple combinations of these. Flow around a circular cylinder, with circulation, including pressure distribution and life force. Descriptive knowledge of flow around isolated serofoils and vanes in cascade, including effects of circulation.

Compressible Flows

Speed of a weak plane pressure wave: stagnation pressure, temperature and density. Pitot tube in subsonic flow. The adiabatic steady flow ellipse. Pressure, temperature and sonic speed at critical conditions. Analogies with open channel flows of water. Thermodynamic aspects; isentropic flow of a perfect gas through ducts of varying cross-section. Mass flow in terms of stagnation condition, local areas and Mach numbers, choking in isentropic flow.

Normal plane shock waves. Pressure ratio, temperature ratio, and downstream Mach numbers in terms of upstream Mach number for a perfect gas. Shock waves in converging/diverging nozzles, the effect of varying overall pressure ratio.

Turbo-machinery

One dimensional theory of turbines, pumps and fans. Axial flow and centrifugal machines. Application of dynamical similarity to turbo-machines, characteristic curves; specific speed.

CHE 331         Separation Processes I                                                        2 Credits

Gas Absorption

Ideal and non-ideal gas-liquid equilibrium data. Fundamentals of continuous separation processes: operating and equilibrium lines, multistage and differential – contact separation concepts of theoretical stage, stage efficiency and transfer unit. Transfer unit and theoretical plate methods of evaluating the mass transfer requirements of absorption and stripping columns. Rate data: correlation and prediction of the efficiency of plate and packed columns. Wetted wall, disc and sphere columns. Fluid mechanics and design of tray and packed columns. Methods of economic optimization of design.

CHE 341               Chemical Kinetics                                                           2 Credits 

 Simple homogenous rate equations. Overall rates. Temperature dependence. Arrhenius equations and activated complex. Equilibrium constants, rate constants, free energies of reaction and activation. Heat of activation. Collision theory and frequency factors.

Interpretation of experimental results, determination of order, calculation of heat of activation. Parallel and consecutive reactions. Rate limiting steps, effect of temperature on relative rates of competing processes (eg. Reaction and diffusion).

Chain reactions. Course of isothermal and adiabatic reactions. Free radical.

Heterogeneous Catalysed Reactions  

Adsorption, physical and chemisorptions. Heat of adsorption, activated adsorption, dependence on coverage, temperature and pressure. Surface areas by B.E.T.: Isotherm, Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin Isotherms. Adsorption coefficients. Rate equations of simple reactions; first and second order, adsorption – adsorption controlled and surface reaction controlled. Significance of the specific rate constants in such reactions. Theories of chemisorptions. Falling heats rising activation energies. Active centers, polarization, mutual repulsion theories. Valence theory. Adsorption mechanism on metals and oxides.

CHE 343         Electrochemistry                                                                  2 Credits

Conductance and Ionic Reactions

Faraday’s Laws and Electrochemical equivalents, Conductivity Measurements, Equivalent conductivity, Ionization theories. Transport Numbers, ionic mobilities. Ionic strength. Activity coefficients, Debye – Huckel theory and limiting law. Poisson – Boltzman equation. Theory of conductivity, Acids and Bases. Dissociation constants. Ionic Equilibria. Mechanisms and Kinetics of ionic reactions. Acid – Base catalysis.

Electrochemical Cells

EMF of cell and cell Reaction. Reversible cells. Free Energy and reversible EMF. Half cell classification of cells. Standard EMF of cells. Standard electrode potentials. Solubility products. Standard free energy and entropy of aqueous ions,

Electrode – and Electrolyte – concentration cells. Liquid Junctions. Oxidation – Reduction reactions. Ph Electrolysis. Decomposition voltage, concentration polarization. Over voltage.

CHE 345         Fuels and Energy                                                                  2 Credits

Conventional Fuels

Origin, composition and distribution of natural gas, crude oil, shale and coals. Properties of commercial fuels. Stoichiometry of combustion of Coals, petroleum and natural gas. Equilibrium composition of combustion products, calculation of flame temperature (including effects of dissociation). Flames: premixed flames, flammability limits, burning velocity, quenching, stability of s burner port, diffusion flames. Thermal and branching theories of explosion. Formation of carbon in  flames. Radiation from luminous and non-luminous flames. Ionization in flames. Combustion of sprays and suspensions of solid particles.

Types of burners, furnaces and boilers. Mass and energy balances of furnaces and boilers. Relative efficiencies and costs of installations using different fuels. Combined heat and power installations.

Environmental effects of winning, transport and combustion of conventional fuels: fires, explosion, health hazards, corrosion and pollution.

Nuclear Energy

Nuclear fission by fast and thermal neutrons , practical fissile materials, energy release on fission, products of fission. Moderation of neutrons, Comparison of moderators, calculation of neutron capture by a moderator. Types of reactor for power production – Magnox, PWR, BWR, CAMDU, AGR. Description of cycle, typical operating conditions for reactor and steam cycle.

Alternative Energy Sources

Solar, biomass, wind, wave, tidal, geothermal sources and ocean thermal energy. Heat pumps. Energy storage.

CHE 361         Chemical Process Calculations II                           2 Credits

Energy balances with chemical reaction. Heats of solution and mixing. The use of various forms of thermo chemical kinetic, and physical data. Use of various forms of plotting data – ternary diagrams, log-log, semi-log etc Enthalpy – concentration charts and humidity charts and their uses. Simultaneous material and energy balances.

CHE 371:        Chemical Engineering Lab                                      3 Credits

Laboratory experiments in transport phenomena, kinetics and separation processes.

CHE 381         Technical Writing and Communication                 1 Credits

Principles of communication. Preparation and writing of technical reports. Oral presentation. Use of visual aids and other communication equipment in technical and research presentations.

FEG 300                     Industrial Training II                                     Pass/Fail

Industrial attachment for a three-month period.

Second Semester

CHE 324         Transport phenomena II                                                    2 Credits

Heat Transfer

Heat transfer by conduction. Steady state conduction through slabs, compound walls, cylinders and other shapes. Unsteady state conduction in homogenous solids.

Heat transfer by convection. Heat transfer in fluids.. Film and overall heat transfer coefficients. Natural convection, forced convection inside and outside pipes, around tube bundles, fins and other shapes. Heat transfer by radiation. Laws of radiant heat transfer with change of phase. Condensation on vertical and horizontal surface, film wise and drop wise. Nucleate and film boiling, critical heat flux. Heat exchangers; types of construction mean temperature difference, effectiveness and number of transfer units. Economic optimum design of main types of heat transfer equipment.

CHE 332         Separation Processes II                                                       2 Credits

Distillation                                                                  

Vapour – liquid equilibria, equilibrium stills. Prediction and correlation of binary, ternary and multi-component vapour – liquid equilibrium data. Steady state distillation: fundamentals of stage wise and differential continous distillation processes applied to binary and multi-component mixtures. Problems involving varying molal overflow. Flash distillation. Fractionation of mixtures where the composition is unknown. Vacuum distillation. Steam distillation. Fractionation with simultaneous chemical reaction. Methods of economic optimization of design. Batch distillation, with and without hold up. Time to reach equilibrium. Rate data: Correction and prediction of the efficiency of plate and packed columns. Fluid mechanics and design of distillation equipment.

CHE 344         Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics I                        3 Credits

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Alternative statements of the law and their interdependence. Reversible and irreversible processes. Internal and external reversibility. Direct and reversed heat engines operating between a single energy source and sink. The efficiency of reversible heat engines; thermodynamic temperature; absolute zero on the Kelvin scale. Efficiency of reversible heat engines in terms of the absolute temperature of source and sink. Entropy as a property and it’s relationship to the heat transfer in a reversible process and the absolute temperature of source and sink. Entropy as a property and it’s relationship to the heat transfer in a reversible process and the absolute temperature. Relations between entropy and other properties. The Claudius inequality. Isentropic processes, isentropic efficiency.

Properties of Pure substances

Pure substances; two property rule. The principal heat capacities (or specific heats), Cp and Cv. Solid, liquid and vapour phases. Equilibria between phases. Phase changes; triple and critical points. The Clausius - Clayperon equation. Superheating and dryness. Tabular and graphical representation of properties of a pure substance. (students will be expected to understand the general form of property diagrams in common use eg. P-v, T-s, h-s, p-h).

Vapour and Gas Cycles

The Carnot cycles for steam. The Rankine cycle with and without superheat. The representation of these cycles on p-V, T-s and h-s diagrams. Their efficiencies and power outputs. The Carnot cycle with a perfect gas cycles. Mean effective pressure.

CHE 382                     Chemical Technology                                              2 Credits

The  Nigerian Chemical Industry, Utilization of raw materials: coal, petroleum, natural gas, air, water, agricultural products, wastes, manufacture of hydrogen and synthesis gas, catalytic reforming of hydrocarbons with steam, ammonia synthesis, nitrogenous fertilizer, ceramics, salts, sodium hydroxide, solvay process, chlorine, hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid. Nitric acid, phosphoric acid, methanol synthesis, phenol synthesis, soaps and detergents etc.

CHE 352         Process Dynamics and Instrumentation               2 Credits

Linear Control Systems

Introduction.

Simple properties of open and closed – loop systems. Terminology. Qualitative description of simple control systems. Concepts of accuracy, stability and sensitivity.

Transient Analysis

Dynamics of simple linear devices and systems. Transfer functions. Block diagrams. Transient response of first and second order linear control systems subjected to step and ramp input functions. Non-dimensional system equations. System order and steady state errors. Characteristic equation pole – zero representation. Closed loop time domain specifications. Routh – Hurwitz stability criterion.

Process Measurement

Instrumentation

Transducer performance specification. Transducers for the measurement of common controlled variables, linear and angular difference, flow rate density and temperature. Potentiometer, inductive, capacitive, and electromagnetic methods of measurement.

Signal Conditioning. 

Characteristics and applications of operational amplifiers, offset currents and voltages, input and output impedance with feedback, bandwidth, common – mode input range. Common – mode rejection ratio, single – ended and differential inputs; summation, integration and differential of signals. Instrumentation amplifiers. Transducer bridges.

CHE 372         Chemical Engineering lab II                                                2 Credits

Further laboratory experiments in transport phenomena, kinetics and separation processes

CHE 383         Biochemical Engineering                                        3 Credits

Aspects of microbiology and biochemistry of interest to fermentation and food industries. Classification and growth characteristics of micro-organisms.

Physico-kinetics, chemical properties of biological compounds. Metabolism and biochemical methods of solving processing problems imposed by both physical and biological factors in food industries.

Enzyme structure, co-enzymes and activators. Elementary enzyme reaction mechanism – single soluble substrate/single enzyme. Hinchelwood – Michaelis – Menton Kinetics.

Lineweaver – Buke plots etc. to determine kinetics parameters. Effect of temperature and pH on Kinetic parameters. Substrate and product inhibition kinetics. Application of simple enzyme kinetics to microbial cell growth (unstructured model), Monod’s equation, specific and maximum growth rates, yield coefficient, saturation coefficient, endogenous metabolism/maintenance, energy, viability.

Effect of temperature and pH on growth model parameters. Production formation mechanisms and kinetic models.

CHE 384         Engineering Materials                                                          2 Credits

Introduction

Bonding in metals, polymers and ceramics and its relation to properties. General treatment of deformation behavior and mechanical characteristics of metals, polymers and ceramics.

Structural Steels

Carbon steels – annealed structures. Principles of hardening and tempering; effect on mechanical properties.  Effect of alloying on properties and response to heat treatment. The effect of thermal cycles during welding. Industrial classification/grades.

Cast Iron

Basic concepts of structure: graphite morphology. Commercial grades.

Aluminum Alloys

Cast alloys and wrought alloys. Principles of heat treatment to increase strength. Use in chemical plants and in structures.

Stainless Steels

Effect of alloying on structure and corrosion resistance, including the influence of carbides, stabilization and the consequences of the welding thermal cycle. Industrial grades and classifications.

Copper Alloys

Alloys used for cast products and their applications. Wrought alloys and their application.

Castings

Methods of casting. Structure of castings and influence of casting conditions. Mould design, porosity and soundness.

Ceramics

General methods of preparation of bulk materials. Typical ceramics used in structural, insulation and corrosion resistant application.

Polymeric materials

Introduction to polymerization, formation of polymer molecules by addition and condensation reactions, molecular weight distribution, network structures, thermoplastics, thermosetting resins, elastomers. Compounding of plastic, antioxidants, stabilizers, plasticisers, fillers, lubricants, pigments, principles of fibre reinforced plastics, types of reinforcing, fabricating techniques, fibre-matrix interaction, effects of aspect ration and fibre content, rule of mixtures, Reuse model. Degradation of polymeric materials in processing and service. Effects of degradation on performance.

 YEAR 4/5 AND YEAR 3/5

 First Semester

FEG 403         Engineering Mathematics IV                                               3 Credits

Brief treatment of improper integrals, differentiation of integrals. Vector calculus, including theorems of Green, Stokes and Gauss and use of multiple integrals; simple applications from field theory. General understanding of methods of solving ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients, particular solution in series method. Classification of second order partial differential equations. Solution by separation of variables. Fourier series, with application to boundary value problems.

CHE 401:        Chemical Engineering Analysis                              3 Credits 

Applied ordinary and partial differential equations; Chemical Engineering operations and their Numerical solutions; Statistics, types of observations, Analysis of variance, Tests of significance, Regression analysis, Elementary probability, Distribution; Laplace and Fourier transform.

CHE 423:                    Transport Phenomena II                              3 Credits

Mass Transfer

Mass transfer as a transport process. Fick’s law. Molecular diffusivity. Steady state molecular diffusion. Film and penetration theory of mass transfer. Diffusion, eddy diffusivity and diffusivity in boundary layer.

Mass transfer in two-phase fluid system in countercurrent and co-current flow. Film and overall coefficients of mass transfer.

Mass transfer between fluids and solids. Simultaneous heat and mass transfer; relationship between heat, mass and momentum transfer, jh and jb factors. Psychometric. Humidification and dehumidification, Direct contact water and gas cooling. Air conditioning. Drying.

CHE 431         Separation Processes III                                          3 Credits

Fluid – Solid Processing

Leaching, equilibrium data, equilibrium stage calculations in co-current counter – current leaching, rate of leaching, leaching equipment design.

Solids separation processes – sedimentation and thickening. Filtration – the general filtration equation and its application in long – and short – cycle filters. Centrifugation.

Evaporation

Vaporization – natural and forced circulation. Surface effects. Evaporators – single and multiple effect.

CHE 445         Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics II           2 Credits

Reversible work and free energy. Temperature and pressure dependence of free energies. Free energy functions. Fugacity and activity. Standard state concept. Free energy and equilibrim. Phases equilibria.. T and P dependence; Gibbs – Helm holtz equation. Solubilities of solids, liquids and gases. Raoult’s and Henry’s laws. Activity coefficients. Vapour liquid equilibrium in binary systems. The Gibbs – Durham equation and thermodynamic consistency tests. Chemical equilibrium, T  and P dependence. Standard free energies, enthalpies and entropies. Equilibrium  constants. Gas and liquid phase reactions, T and P dependence. Group contributions to G,H and S. Reversible cells, standard electrode potentials. Concentration cells. Experimental determination of thermodynamic data.

CHE 461                     Equipment Selection and Design               3 Credits

Selection versus Design of equipment.

Criteria for selection or design. Sources of data. Classification of equipment. Operating conditions. Size or capacity. Specifications, Costs. Mechanical design of process vessels and piping. Environmental considerations. Safety considerations. Process services.

Economics for Engineers                           

Introduction to Micro, Macro – and welfare economics.  Economic Theories. Theory of firm. Economic analysis. Capital Cost and manufacturing cost estimation. Financial analysis. Discounted cash flow analysis. Accounting and depreciation. Break – even analysis. Sensitivity analysis.

CHE 483         Corrosion                                                                  1 Credit

Thermodynamic and kinetic considerations of metallic oxidation including Ellingham diagrams. Structure and properties of oxides. Rate laws and mechanisms of parabolic and logarithmic growth. Nature of oxide scales. Oxide formation on alloy surfaces. Appreciation of the theoretical principles of predicting the effect of alloy constituents on oxidation.

Theoretical considerations of electrochemical corrosion cells including differential aeration and differential temperature cells. Thermodynamics and kinetics of electrode and corrosion reactions. Characteristics and mechanics  of the various forms of corrosion – uniform and pitting, parting and dezincification, intergranular attack, hydrogen attack, erosion – corrosion, stress corrosion, corroding fatigue, fretting. Effects of corrosion environment on aqueous corrosion – atmosphere, natural water, water-line and crevice effects, soil and bacterial attack. Calculation and experimental determination of corrosion parameters. Comparison of methods of corrosion prevention or limitation: chemical passivation and inhibition (aqueous and vapour); alloying; anodic and cathodic protection, insulation, metallic and non-metallic protective coatings. Comparative assessment of corrosion resistance tests.

Electives

CHE 491         Particles Technology                                                           2 Credits

Properties of particles. Behavior of single particles in fluids. Statement of Stokes Law for spherical particles. The drag coefficient. Dependence of the drag coefficient upon Reynold’s number Definition of particle size and shape and drag coefficient for non-spherical particles. Terminal velocity.

Particle systems in fluids. Flow of fluids through a bed of solids Darcy’s law. The Carman – Kozony equation Fluidization, Minimum fluidizing velocity. Two phase theory of fluidization bubbles and fluidization regimes. ,mixing, elutriation and transport of solids. Fluidized bed heat / transfer combustion and – design.

CHE 493       Polymer Science And Technology                           2 Credits

Introduction to polymers and their characterization. Sources of monomer. Structure and physical properties of polymers, rheology, solubility and molecular weights. Plasticity and elasticity. The Williams-Landel-Ferry equation. Polymerization reactions and manufacturing methods; Zeigler Natta catalysis. Processing and Technology of polymers.         

 CHE 495       Glass And Ceramics Technology                            2 Credits

Properties of glass and sizing, manufacture of glass, design methods, properties of ceramics, sources of ceramic products, various uses of ceramic materials, design of manufacturing processes and equipment.

CHE 497        Computer Applications in Chemical Engineering                3Credits

Review of Computer Programming; Flow charts, Algorithm; BASIC, FORTRAN Languages; Development of simple software for chemical engineering process calculations and simulations. Statistical methods;The use of generic computer codes, spreadsheets etc in solving chemical engineering problems; Computer simulation languages; Report presentation software packages etc.

 YEAR 5/5 AND YEAR 4/4

 First Semester

 CHE 525         Transport Phenomena IV                            3 Credits

Viscous flow

Boundary layers, definition of displacement and momentum thickness, form parameter, skin friction coefficient. Derivations of boundary layer momentum equation.

Laminar boundary layers; application of momentum equation to give friction coefficient on a flat plate. Factors affecting boundary layer transition. Turbulent boundary layers, power law and logarithmic velocity distribution, laminar sublayer, skin – friction coefficient on a flat plate. Effect of roughness elements. Descriptive knowledge of the nature of turbulence. Boundary layer separation and formation of wakes (descriptive). Velocity distributions, velocity law. Fundamentals of hydrodynamic lubrication as examples of laminar flow between plates.

Non-Newtonian fluids

Stress – strain relationship for principal type (e.g Bingham, pseudo-plastic, thixotropic and visco-elastic fluids). Laminar flow of non-Newtonian fluids in circular pipes, general relation between discharge and shear stress. Relation between discharge and pressure drop for Bingham plastic and power law fluids.

 CHE535          Separation Processes IV                                         2 Credits

Liquid – Liquid Extraction

Phase equilibria in liquid – liquid systems. Selection of the solvent. Equilibrium stage calculations in batch and continuous co-current and counter – current extractions. The transfer unit method of tower design. Counter – current extraction with reflux. Liquid-liquid extraction with chemical reaction. Methods for economic optimization of design. Rate data: correlation and prediction of rate data in extraction columns

Other Diffusional Separation Processes

The general principles of the following processes: molecular distillation, thermal distillation, thermal diffusion, dialysis, electro-dialysis, electrophoresis, ion exchange, chromatographic separations, molecular sieve separations, hyper-sorption, adsorption processes, dissolution, crystallization.

CHE 547         Reaction Engineering I                                                        2Credits

Reactor Design

Tubular reactors. Solution of the elementary design equation based on plug flow for isothermal and adiabatic cases. continuous stirred tank reactors. Design equations, based on the perfect mixing assumption. Comparison of reactor volume for stirred tank and tubular reactor. Application of residence time studies to reactor. Comparison of batch and continuous processes with regard to reactor volume and reaction yield. The logic of a choice of process. Some optimization problem. Optimum temperature sequences.

CHE 551         Process Control                                                                    3 Credits

Frequency Analysis 

Frequency response loci of typical systems. Simple Nyquist stability criterion. Gain and phase margin. Bode diagrams. Nichols chart. Full Nyquist criterion and s-plane contours. Compensation techniques.

State Variable Analysis

The state variables of a dynamic system. Formulation of the state vector differential equation. Solution of the state vector differential equation. State transition matrix. Stability from eigen values of the characteristic equation.

Non – Linear and Digital Control

Liberalization. Phase plane. Describing functions. Liapunov Z-transforms. Pole – zeroes in the Z-plane. Zero order hold. Frequency characterization. Digital compensation. Discrete form of the state variable equation.

Stochastic and Adaptive Control

Stochastic signals. Probability. Mean square error. Correlation functions. Power density spectrum. Fourier transform, Simple identification with impulse, step, frequency and P.R.B.S. Qualitative treatment of performance indices, gradient methods, model reference and hill climber techniques.

Multivariable Control

State variable relations with classical control. Canonical forms controllability and observability. State variable feedback. Introduction to optimal control.

Process Control

Principles of design of electronic and pneumatic controllers. Characterization and applications of electronic, electro-mechanical, electro hydraulic, hydraulic, amplifiers, actuators, and valves. Process modeling, mass and energy balances, representation by transfer lags and distance velocity lags. Performance specification – offset, subsidence ratio. Descriptive treatment of ON – OFF; cascade, and direct – digital control of processes.

CHE 565                     Chemical Plant Design Project                   4 Credits

Design problem involving the study of a process. Preparation of flow sheets and preparation of heat and mass balances and detailed design of some plant items. Economics and safety considerations must be stressed.

CHE 513         Industrial Management & Law                                            3 Credits

Functions and responsibilities of management. Organizing for efficiency. Training, recruitment and compensation of staff. Staff appraisal. Budget and cost control. Effective communication. General management. Planning.

Law for Engineers                                       

Function of law, Basic principles of Nigerian Law. Introduction of the law of contracts. Law of Business association. Industrial and Labour Law. Maritime Law. Environmental Law.

Electives                    

2 Credit Units of Elective from the following:

 CHE 591               Environmental Pollution Engineering             2 Credits

Pollution and the Environment, definitions and inter-relationships, natural and man-made pollution, the economics of pollution. Air pollution - gaseous and particulates, and their sources. Effect on weather, vegetation materials and human health. Legislation relating to air pollution. Methods of control of gaseous elusion and destruction, cyclones, separators. Electrostatic precipitators, bag filters, wet washers, etc. dispersal from chimneys and method of calculating chimneys heights. Flare stacks.

Water pollution – river pollution by impurities effluents. Legislation and standards for effluent discharge impurities in natural water and their effects. Brief survey of river ecology and the effects of effluents on the ecosystem. Treatment processes including precipitation, flocculation, coagulation, sedimentation, clarification and colour removal.

Principles of biological treatment processes. Cost of treatment. coagulation, sedimentation, clarification and colour removal.

Principles of biological  treatment processes. Cost of treatment. Treatment for water re-se. ion exchange.

Land pollution – disposal of solid wastes by incinerator and dumping. Possible future treads including conversion of solid wastes into useful material or energy. Treatment of other types of pollutions, noise, Thermal and Nuclear pollutions.

CHE 593         Biochemical Reactor Design                                               2 Credits

Overall stoichiometry of microbial reactions. Soluble substrate and enzyme reactor design, plug flow and CSTR effects. Soluble substrate and supported enzyme in plug flow and CSTR Configurations. Steady state continuous culture in a CSTR, effect of dilution rate, limiting substrate concentration, temperature and pH on cell, substrate and product concentration. Determination of kinetic parameters from continuous culture data. Unsteady state and fed batch operations. Application of solid and liquid residence time concepts to reactor design: Effects of mass transfer nutrient limitation in flees, oxygen limitation in microbial reactors. Examples of reactor design chosen from fermentation, waste treatment, enzyme reactors and other biochemical processes.

CHE 595        Chemical Engineering Entrepreneurship               2 Credits

Manufacturing and raw material adaptability. Research and development. Sources of information. Payment copyrights etc. Entrepreneurship / organization of business. Small scale business operations  and problems. Venture capital, capital sources. Federal and State governments regulation on chemical industries. Market  research methods and feasibility reports. Small scale business case studies.

Second Semester

CHE 526         Loss Prevention in the Process Industries                       2 Credits

Hazard in chemical process industries. Safety in plants. Causes of accidents in process plants. Prevention of accidents. HAZOP technique. Maintenance of plant to minimize loses. Waste effluent treatment. Pollution control. Many implications of various losses.

CHE 548         Reaction Engineering II                                                       2 Credits

Fluid-solid catalyzed and uncatalysed reactor design. Catalyst deactivation. Fixed and fluidized bed reactor design. Other industrial reactors.

CHE 552         Process Optimization                                                          3 Credits

Maxima of functions through the use of calculus. Unconstrained peak seeking methods. Single and multivariable search techniques. Constrained optimization techniques. Linear programming. Numerical optimization techniques. Discrete events .

CHE 599                     Research Project                                                      4 Credits

Individual research projects under the supervision of an academic staff. Projects should focus on national and state industrial problems.

CHE 586                     Petroleum Refinery Processes                               2 Credits

History and development of refining, composition of petroleum and testing methods. Introduction to processing refinery and distillation processes, fractionation equipment, chemical treatments, heat exchangers, tube still, etc. Design of refining equipment. Types of refinery products, properties and applications, sources of petrochemical, thermal cracking, Catalytic cracking, refining, natural gas and its utilization, refinery gases and its utilization .

Electives

4 Credit Units of Electives from the following:

CHE 590     Coal Processing Technology                                    2Credits

Introduction to coal formation. Physical and chemical properties of coal. Carbonization of coal. Combustion of coal. Gasification of coal. Liquefaction of coal. Environmental aspects of coal utilization.

CHE 592       Petrochemical Science and Technology                    2 Credits

The oil industry and its relevance to the petrochemical industry. The nonfossil fuels and their relevance to the petrochemical industry. Petrochemical precursor. Socio-economic, socio-political and geographical implications of the petrochemical industry. Planning petrochemical industry for a developing country.

 CHE 594           Petroleum Reservoir Engineering                          2 Credits

 Properties of oil and gas. Composition  of oil and natural gas. Classic properties of single and multiple fluid saturated rocks e.g porosity,  permeability and fluid saturations. Reservoir fluid behavior – PVT analysis, formation volume factors. Concepts of flow through porous media. Testing of reservoirs and well completion. Concepts of petroleum production. Gas lifts, surface production equipment. Reservoir types. Estimating reserves, material balance equations. Steady state and transient flow in reservoir.

CHE 596           Pulp and Paper Technology                                     2 Credits

Structural, physical and chemical properties of raw materials for the industry. Preparation of pulpwood. Mechanical, semi-mechanical, sulphite/craft pulping processes. New laboratory pilot plant scale processes. Recovery processes of energy and chemical from pulping processes residuals. Bleaching of pulps and stock preparation. Paper making and finishing operations. Economics and ecological aspects of paper manufacture.

CHE 598        Paint Technology                                                              2 Credits

Basic concept of paint. Properties of paints-Opacity, particle size, fineness of grind etc. composition of paint pigments. Extenders, Additives. Production of Alkyd Resins. Measurement of paint Quality. Primer, Undercoats and uses. Formulation of paints – gloss and emulsion.