Hepatic cells and enzymes reactions in wistar rats exposed to x-ray film processing chemicals

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Hepatic cells and enzymes reactions in wistar rats exposed to x-ray film processing chemicals

Abstract: Medical images play significant roles in the diagnosis and management of patients. In developing countries
darkroom radiography is practiced and involves chemical processing of films using chemical substances known to be
toxic when ingested or inhaled. This study aimed at investigating the histological changes and the changes in alanine
aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in the liver of wistar rats exposed to different
concentrations of x-ray film processing chemicals for varying periods of time. Thirty (30) apparently healthy wistar rats
of 20-24 weeks, weighing between 190g and 210g were randomly put into five groups, A-E of 6 rats each. Rats in groups
A-D were the experimental groups exposed to varying concentrations of the processing chemicals for periods ranging
from 15-30 days while rats in the control group E were not exposed to any processing chemical. After each desired
period of time, two rats from each group were randomly selected, painlessly sacrificed, the liver harvested and blood
sample collected and examine/analyzed at the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi Anambra State.
Results showed that both x-ray film processing chemicals had adverse effects on the ALT and AST liver enzymes and
liver tissues of wistar rats exposed to these chemicals. The effects were not significantly affected by the concentration of
the solutions but were related to the period of exposure especially for the developer solution. While the major
histological effect of the fixer was the dilation of central vein, the developer had varied histological effects.
Keywords: Hepatic cells, ALT and AST Liver enzymes, Wistar rats, X-ray film developer, x-ray film fixer